ملخص رسالة الدكتوراه مقدمة من السيد/ ياسر عبد الصبور

SUGAR BEET RESPONSE TO PLANTING METHODS UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION SYSTEMS

استجابة بنجر السكر لطرق الزراعة تحت نظم رى مختلفة

قسم المحاصيل

كلية الزراعة-جامعة أسيوط

2009 م



لجنة الاشراف

ا.د. عادل مصطفى ابو سلامة

ا.د. المهدى عبد المطلب طعيمة

ا.د. خلف عبد المجيد العارف

الهدف من البحث

Objectives of this study were to :

1- Study the growth, yield and quality of sugar beet varieties under different irrigation

systems.





2- Test the merit of transplanting of sugar beet.



المواد وطرق البحث

A – Growth characteristics were determined:

1- Root length (cm).

2- Root diameter (cm).

3- Fresh weight (g/plant).

4 dry root weight (g/plant).

5- Fresh weight (g/plant).

6 dry leaves weight (g/plant).

7- Leaf area (cm2/plant).

8- Leaf area index (LAI): leaf area measurement/determined by the disk method using 10 disks each 2 cm2 in diameter according to Watson (1958) and the following equation was used.

9- Crop growth rate (CGR) in g/day: Determined according to

Watson (1952), where: W1 and W2 refer to dry weight of plant at sampling time T1 and T2.

10- Net assimilation rate (NAR) in g/cm2/days: Determined according to

Radford's (1967), where; W1, A1 and W2A2 respectively refer to dry weight and leaf area of plant at sampling time T1 and T2 respectively

11- Relative growth rate in g/g/day: Determined according to Watson (1958),

B- yield and its attributes:

Irrigation stopped 15 day before harvest. Harvesting dates were carried out after 180 days from sowing two plants were chosen at random of each sub-plots to determined yield components:

1 - Root length (cm).

2 - Root diameter (cm).

3 - Root weight (g/plant).

4 - Top weight (g/plant).

C – Yield characters

At harvest all plants of the plot were collected and cleaned. Roots and tops were separated and weighted, then used to calculate :

5 - Root yield (ton/fed.).

6 - Top yields (ton/fed.).

D – Quality traits:

A samples of roots were chosen at random from each plot to determined root quality in Delta Sugar Company, El-Hamol, Kafer El-Sheikh.

1 - Impurities (Na, K and Alpha-amino N)

2 - sugar recovery %

= Pol – 0.029 = 0.343 (K+Na) – 0.094 (Alpha-amino N).

According to Reinfield et al. (1974) where pol, K and Na refer to sucrose %, potassium and sodium in mill equivalent/100 g beet respectively.

3 - Sugar loss to molasses%:

= 0.343 (K+Na) + 0.094 (Alpha-amino N + 0.29).

4 - Quality index:

= 100 [ 100 – (sugar loss/pol) ]

5 - Sucrose content (pol %).

6 - Sugar yield (ton/fed.) was estimated by multiplying sugar recovery by root yield per feddan.

To help interpret the results daily temperature data were obtained from Assiut regional climatic station. The data were used to calculate heat unit per weekly according to the formula:



of Campble and Norman (1998), where Tn, Txi, Tni, Tb and t refer to accumulated heat unit received by plants, the daily maximum temperature, the daily minimum temperature, the base temperature equal,4c0 and time increment. Data of accumulated heat unit are given in Tables (2) and (3).

The statistical analysis was performed. Each irrigation experiment was analyzed separately. Then the three irrigation experiments were subjected to combined analysis according to Gomez and Gomez (1984) The data of each season will be discussed separately. Mean of significantly different treatments were compared using L.S.D. at 5% probability level according to Waller and Duncan (1969